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13 March 2021

Inorganic chemist, metallurgist, specialist in rare and precious metals. Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor.

Alexey Zefirov was born on March 25, 1907 in Gomel. He graduated from the Moscow Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals and Gold.

After graduating from the institute, A. Zefirov was sent to work in the Altayzoloto trust, where he rose from the Chief Metallurgist to the Deputy Chief Engineer of the trust. Then he was transferred to Moscow to the position of Head of the Ore Processing Sector of the NIS Gold trust, where he participated in the creation of rational schemes for the processing of domestic ore raw materials and equipment for these processes.

He held leadership positions in government bodies and organizations in the field of metallurgy.

A. Zefirov headed the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology. The achievements of the Institute staff under his leadership made it the leading research institute in the industry and made a huge contribution to the successful solution of the problems related to processing of complex raw materials – phosphorites, uranium metallurgy and underground leaching technology.

Technological schemes for the processing of uranium ores of various types were developed and mastered, a technological base was created for the world's largest uranium industry in the USSR and Eastern Europe, profound work was carried out to provide the defence and nuclear industries with such strategic materials as lithium, beryllium, zirconium, niobium, and tantalum.

The result of the work under the leadership of A. Zefirov was the creation of a modern industrial complex of plants for the processing of uranium-phosphorus-rare metal ores of the Melovoe deposit (Mangyshlak peninsula) with the extraction of uranium, rare earth elements and the production of high-quality phosphorus fertilizers.

A. Zefirov, in collaboration with other specialists from the Institute, was awarded the title of Lenin Prize laureate for the development and industrial implementation of highly efficient gas non-aqueous methods for producing oxides, fluorides, metallic uranium and its alloys of all enrichment grades. A. Zefirov was awarded the title of laureate of the State Prize (in co-authorship) for the development and implementation of a new method of mining (in-situ leaching) of minerals.

A. Zefirov is the author of over 200 scientific works on a wide range of scientific topics, as well as 19 inventions and patents.

The work of A. Zefirov was highly appreciated by awards of various degrees: the scientist was twice awarded with the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, three Orders of the Red Banner of Labour and other medals.

From the database of the Republican Library on Science and Technology.

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